Semnan University PressInnovations in Materials: Current & Future3115-99901120260101Molecular dynamics Simulation of the effect of phenol, formaldehyde and water on the API 5L Grade X70 steel surface3111026910.22075/imcf.2025.37818.1047ENHadiEivazi BagheriFaculty of Materials science and Nanotechnology, Imam Hosein University, Tehran, IranSeyyed SalmanSeyyed AfghahiFaculty of Materials science and Nanotechnology, Imam Hosein University, Tehran, IranAli AsgharEbrahimi ValmooziFaculty of Materials science and Nanotechnology, Imam Hosein University, Tehran, IranAmir HoseinBakhshandehDepartment of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20250731This study employs molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the influence of temperature and molecular quantity on the adsorption of phenol, formaldehyde, and water on API 5L X70 steel. The results demonstrate that elevated temperatures reduce adsorption for all substances, as increased kinetic energy promotes desorption, evidenced by lower peaks in radial distribution function (RDF) curves. Conversely, increasing the molecular quantity generally enhances the density within the first adsorbed layer, indicated by higher RDF peaks, though the magnitude of this effect is substance and temperature-dependent. Phenol exhibited stronger individual adsorption affinity than water or formaldehyde. In competitive adsorption from mixtures, phenol and formaldehyde showed aff significant rivalry for surface sites, with the preferential adsorption dictated by the interplay between temperature and concentration. These findings elucidate the molecular interactions governing the behavior of these organic compounds at the steel-fluid interface, providing critical insights for predicting material performance in high-temperature corrosive environments, such as autoclaves and furnaces used for composite curing.https://imcf.semnan.ac.ir/article_10269_81b0c527df6756815caea35e3a068a08.pdfSemnan University PressInnovations in Materials: Current & Future3115-99901120260101Synthesis and Characterization of Polyethylene Terephthalate–Derived Graphene Reinforced Hydroxyapatite–Kaolin Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering12261032910.22075/imcf.2025.39269.1048ENDaniel ArinzeOziemeDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University Ota Ogun State, Nigeria0000-0001-8260-5553EmmanuelAnegbeFunGlass – Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Študentská 2, 911 50 Trenčín, SlovakiaJournal Article20251004This study presents the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of a graphene–hydroxyapatite–kaolin (GHK) composite designed for potential artificial bone applications. Graphene was derived from recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste through pyrolysis at 600 °C, while hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized from calcined eggshells and combined with kaolin clay. The powders were compacted and sintered at 1100 °C to produce three formulations. Porosity and density values were 22.5% and 2.75 g/cm³ for GHK-A, 19.8% and 2.85 g/cm³ for GHK-B, and 26.3% and 2.62 g/cm³ for GHK-C within the ASTM C373 standard range (porosity: 0–30%, density: 2.4–3.0 g/cm³). GHK-B exhibited the lowest porosity and highest density, indicating compactness and mechanical strength suitable for load-bearing bone applications. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed bands of PO₄³⁻ at 1030–960 cm⁻¹, OH⁻ stretching at 3570 cm⁻¹, and Si–O vibrations near 1100 cm⁻¹, validating the successful integration of HAp, kaolin, and graphene phases. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed distinct crystalline peaks corresponding to HAp planes at 2θ = 25.9°, 31.8°, and 39.9°, with GHK-B exhibiting sharper peaks than GHK-A and GHK-C, indicating improved crystallinity and phase purity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed an interconnected porous network with flake-like graphene layers reinforcing the HAp-kaolin matrix suitable for osteoblast infiltration and nutrient transport. The synergy between graphene’s conductivity, HAp’s bioactivity, and kaolin reinforcement produced a composite with balanced structural properties. GHK-B demonstrated the most promising material combining cortical bone-like density (2.85 g/cm³), controlled porosity (19.8%), and superior crystalline structure suggesting its potential as a mechanically bioactive scaffold for bone tissue regeneration.https://imcf.semnan.ac.ir/article_10329_d577781085cee3b353a32c57df7ce40d.pdfSemnan University PressInnovations in Materials: Current & Future3115-99901120260101The Effect of Spark Plasma Sintering on Densification, Mechanical Properties, and Crystallographic Texture of LaMgAl11O1927361037810.22075/imcf.2025.39796.1051ENMohammadmehdiKhorramiradSemnan-IranSanazHasanzadehSemnan-IranMohammad RezaRahimipourCeramic Department of Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Karaj, Alborz, IranMohammad MehdiHadaviDepartment of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranKouroshShirvaniDepartment of Advanced Materials and New Energies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, IranJournal Article20251122Lanthanum Magnesium Hexaaluminate (LaMgAl11O19, LaMA) is a promising material for various applications, including thermal barrier coatings, catalysts, and optical materials, due to its unique properties such as high-temperature thermodynamic and structural stability, low thermal conductivity, and good chemical resistance. In this study, the densi-fication of synthesized LaMA powder was investigated using spark plasma sintering (SPS). The effects of SPS on the relative density, mechanical properties, and crystallographic tex-ture were evaluated. The results showed that SPS achieved a high relative density of 97.56 ± 0.25% and a flexural strength of 367± 13 MPa, which is in good agreement with the find-ings of other researchers. Remarkably, X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the development of a strong crystallographic texture in the sintered body, characterized by a significant preferential orientation of the (006) plane (Texture Coefficient = 2.82). Scanning electron microscopy confirmed microstructural rearrangement and grain growth. The formation of this textured microstructure, attributed to the preferential alignment of platelet-like grains under uniaxial pressure during SPS, is a key finding of this work and contributes to the understanding of structure-property relationships in SPS-processed hexaaluminates.https://imcf.semnan.ac.ir/article_10378_57b4d43721b640a61d5d598953c3810f.pdfSemnan University PressInnovations in Materials: Current & Future3115-99901120260101Materials & Design Review of HPV for Space Applications37461045810.22075/imcf.2026.39337.1049ENHadiEivazi Bagherifaculty of Advance materials and Nano Technology , imam hossein UniversityMohammad JavadSalek RahimiUniversity of Tabriz, Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringAmir HesamFarkhondehDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, BabolAdelZiae AzarUniversity of Tabriz, Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringJournal Article20251016High-Pressure Vessel (HPV) systems are crucial for space missions, enabling the safe storage of cryogenic fuels, oxidizers, and life-support media under extreme conditions. This review examines the latest materials, design parameters, and operational challenges of these vessels, with a focus on cryogenic, hydrogen, oxygen, hybrid, and life-support tanks. Special attention is given to the evolution of materials, from metallic alloys to advanced composites like CFRPs, graphene, and CNTs, achieving up to 50% weight reduction and improved thermal and mechanical performance. Key design parameters such as pressure tolerance (up to 700 bar), thermal management (TM) (using MLI and PCMs), and structural health monitoring (SHM) are discussed in the context of long-duration missions. The integration of artificial intelligence for predictive failure analysis and optimization is also explored, outlining a revolutionary pathway for next-generation, self-healing tanks. This review charts an transformative roadmap for the next generation of High-Pressure Vessel (HPV) technologies essential for sustained space exploration.https://imcf.semnan.ac.ir/article_10458_ae376a38d0d9c42567a1453de79e2ccf.pdfSemnan University PressInnovations in Materials: Current & Future3115-99901120260101Epsilon- negative (ENG) composites characteristics at GHZ frequency47531047310.22075/imcf.2026.39933.1052ENAliBahariDep. Solid State physics, University of MazandaranAbassFarhadiPardis, Babolsar, Dep. of PhysJournal Article20251203Negative permittivity devices or Epsilon- negative (ENG) composites are of great importance in shielding, antennas and nano-optoelectronics applications at GHz frequencies. In recent years, many researchers have study some ferrite - based materials with metal particles for finding an alternative ENG composites in the fabrication of optoelectronic resonance components, antennas and invisible coating’s industries. In the present work, an attempt has been made to investigate the optical, dielectric and electronic characteristics of the ferrite yttrium-iron-copper garnet matrix (FYICG) with different lithium (Li) nano-particles, synthesized by in situ method at 650-1250 °C and at 80- 120 GHz. The measurement cut-off frequency and modulation, sample morphology (studied with Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), the other electrical characteristics with using Prova tool and home-set electrical measurement system as well as transmittance and reflection parameters measurement system, could provide a suitable ENG for future of the optoelectronic and electromagnetic devices.https://imcf.semnan.ac.ir/article_10473_81c61ac7c7a3b3e25afd6f5c27e546f3.pdf